Post by romania on Apr 30, 2011 2:04:30 GMT
• România
Name --- Daciana Radacanu
Nation --- Romania
Aliases ---
national
Rumania-that’s fine
România-that’s fine as well
Dacia- outdated
personal
Ro-only for close friends
Apparent age --- 23
Actual age --- from 1859; 152
From invasion by Roman Empire: 1571
Gender --- female
|-|-The External-|-|
Eye color --- red
Hair color --- coal black
Height --- 5’6
Weight --- 125 lbs
Skin tone --- very fair
Defining features ---
Like all countries, Romania has her scars. Though, some are more important than others and tend to hold special meaning to her. Most come from her rule under Vlad Tepes, others came during the revolts that would lead to her unification.
She won’t tell anyone, but she has a tattoo of the Romanian coat of arms on her left hip. She’s slightly embarrassed of this and only a few know about it.
Additional features ---
On the outside, standing only at 5’6 and weighing 125 lbs, Daciana may not look like much, but she is definitely a tough girl. At a glance, one would see that she is very slim, medium height, and has a slightly big chest. Romania has very fair skin and black hair that extends down to the middle of her back. One thing that stands out about her is her crimson eye color. She isn’t albino, but they resemble the hue of blood, causing most to either be wary of her or steer clear of her altogether. Her red eyes always have a blank expression, as well as her face. Due to her crass personality, she rarely ever smiles or jokes around.
Romania adorns herself in a well kept blue uniform with a service hat with her hair kept tied up in a ponytail and knee high boots when she is dressed for war. Though, typically one normally sees her in either dark colored dresses or long sleeves and slacks.
|-|-The Internal-|-|
Personality ---
At a first glance, Romania seems like a silent and cold person, not willing to speak most of the time. Some are surprised when she does speak, others not so much, as Romania will speak with short, but well processed answers. She has a tendency to keep her distance when she’s around others. Though this behavior is far from her warrior days when she was wild and rambunctious. During those days, Romania was out for blood, literally, especially when she was under the rule of Vlad Tepes. She will never forget those days, as they hold important memories of hers.
When she allows people to get close to her, they will find that she is a very intelligent, yet a slightly broken person. At one point in her life, she used to be strong and great, now she barely trusts anyone and is afraid of close friendships. Romania thinks these things will only lead to more betrayal and hurt. For a moment, one may even pity her, but she won’t take it. In fact, she’ll probably strangle you for the very thought. In most cases, she’s emotionally vulnerable and will believe anything if it is coming from someone she claims as a best or close friend. Therefore, Romania is always setting herself up for disappointment and hurt. Nowadays, most recognize her problem and try to clear away from her. Other times, it’s her that will stay away from other nations. Romania has adapted to being alone. “It is the best way to be,” is what she’ll often reply to those who ask her about her solitude.
She is a completely different person around those she still holds good ties with. From her normal misanthrope self, Romania does a 180 degree turn in personality. This is the only time anyone will see her either smiling or laughing at the same time. Here, she’s recognized as that wild spirit she used to be in her younger days; she always into mischief and enjoying her time. From the outside eye, she may seem slightly schizophrenic, but to others, the trials she has been through reflect who she is.
Likes ---
•History
•Music (especially piano and violin)
•Architecture
•Food
Dislikes ---
•Hungary
•betrayal
•lying
•vampires/stereotypical vampires- most come to tour her place due to Bram Stoker’s Dracula instead of wanting to know the truth
Fears ---
•Hungarian occupation
•losing those few friends she has
•being forgotten
Lesser known facts ---
•She’s read almost every known vampire novel to date, but shhh that’s a secret
•wonders where things went wrong with Hungary
•Romania likes cute things (rabbits, cats, etc)
Goals ---
•To become more social with others, actual hold a conversation for more than two minutes
•eventually come to some sort of understanding with Hungary
|-|-The Past-|-|
History ---
513 BC to 271 AD
•513 BC - first written evidence of tribes (Getae or Dacians) inhabiting the region by Herodotus
•first half of 2nd century BC - the Dacian Kingdom was led by King Oroles
•74 BC - Dacian Kingdom at its peak under King Burebista
•86 AD - first encounter of Roman Empire with the Dacian Kingdom
•101-102 AD - first campaign of Emperor Trajan against Dacians
•106 AD - Battle of Sarmisegetusa, Dacia becomes a Roman province
•271 AD - retreat of Roman occupation of Dacia
4th century to 10th century AD
•10th century - Byzantine, Slavic and Hungarian sources, and—later on—Western and even Oriental sources mention the existence of Romanians and Romanian state entities under the name of Vlachs
Early Middle Ages (1000-1600)
•1003 - mention of the local ruler Gyula (Geula, Gyyla or Jula) in Transylvania
•1241 - A Persian chronicle mentions several rulers from Wallachia such Bezerenbam and Mişelav and the country of Ilaut.
•1288 - among the first evidences of Diet in Transylvania
•1330 - Battle of Posada
•1437 - Bobâlna revolt
Late Middle Ages (1600-1799)
• 1600 - Mihai Viteazul succeeded to unite all three principalities - Transylvania, Wallachia and Moldovia, where Romanians have been living
•1601 - The assassination of Mihai Viteazul ends the union achieved one year before;
Transylvania
• 1601 - After the assassination of Mihai Viteazu, the Hungarian-origin Transylvanian noblemen swear allegiance to Rudolph II, the Habsburg Emperor. Giorgio Basta's terror regime commences;
• 1605 - Stephen Bocskay becomes Prince of Transylvania guaranteeing religious freedom and broadening Transylvania's independence;
•1606 - The Treaty of Vienna gives constitutional and religious rights and privileges to all Hungarian-speaking Transylvanians but none to Romanian-speaking people. The treaty guarantees the right of Transylvanians to elect their own independent princes in the future;
•1613 - Gabriel Bethlen becomes Prince of Transylvania succeeding to Gabriel Báthory. Under Bethlen's rule, the principality experiences a golden age. He promoted agriculture, trade, and industry, sank new mines, sent students abroad to Protestant universities, and prohibited landlords from denying an education to children of serfs;
•1618 - Transylvania take part to Thirty Years' War. Gabriel Bethlen invades Hungary and proclaims himself as King of Hungary;
•1621 - On 31 December, Peace of Nikolsburg ends the war between Transylvania and Hasburgs. The conditions of Treaty of Vienna signed in 1606 are reinforced;
•1648 - Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty Years' War. Transylvania is mentioned a sovereign state;
•1657 - George II Rákóczi invades Poland only to be defeated. The Ottoman Empire take advantage of the new situation and restore the military power in Transylvania;
•1661 - In April Prince Kemény proclaims the secession of Transylvania from the Ottomans and appeals to help from the Habsburg Empire. He was not aware of the secret agreement between the Hasburg Empire and Ottomans and the move will end his reign. Transylvania becomes a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire;
•1683 - The defeat of Ottoman armies in Battle of Vienna means the end of Ottoman rule over Transylvania. The Roman Catholic Church becomes official church in Transylvania in a move directed by the Hasburgs to weak the noblemen estates, which were both Roman Catholic and Protestant;
•1682 - The capital of Transylvania is moved to Sibiu (then Nagyszeben);
•1692 - The Habsburgs control over Transylvania is consolidated even more and the princes are replaced with governors named directly by the Hasburg Emperors, who themselves become Princes of Transylvania;
•1699 - The Emperor Leopold I decrees Transylvania's Orthodox Church to be one with the Roman Catholic Church, by joining the newly created Romanian Greek-Catholic Church;
•1711 - Transylvania's direct-autonomy to Hasburg Empire ends, as the region becomes administrative area of Hungary;
•1765 - The Grand Principality of Transylvania is proclaimed, consolidating a special separate status within the Hasburg Empire originally granted in 1691. This was however just a mere formality, as Transylvania is still an administrative area of Hungary;
•1784 - The Revolt of Horea, Cloşca and Crişan starts in November and lasts until February in 1785. The main demands were related to the feudal serfdom and the lack of political equality between Romanians and other ethnicities of Transylvania;
•1791 - Romanian-speaking Transylvanians petition to Emperor Leopold II for recognition as the fourth 'nation' of Transylvania and for religious equality. Their demands are rejected and their old marginalised status is reinforced;
Wallachia
•1632 - The first war between Wallachia, led by Matei Basarab, and Moldavia led by Vasile Lupu;
•1653 - The second war between Matei Basarab and Vasile Lupu ends with the Moldavian throne being given to Gheorghe Ştefan;
•1655 - Seimeni revolt starts;
•1698 - Bucharest becomes capital of Wallachia. Until then the capital was in Târgovişte. Constantin Brâncoveanu's 16-year reign commences during which period Wallachia enjoys a golden age;
•1714 - Constantin Brâncoveanu is killed in Istanbul at the order of Sultan Ahmed III, who did not agree with Brâncoveanu alliances with Hasburg and Russian empires;
•1715 - The Phanariote period starts. Nicholas Mavrocordatos becomes the first Phanariote prince of Wallachia. The influence of Ottoman Empire is greater than ever;
•1716 - The Hasburg Empire invades Wallachia during the Austro-Turkish War;
•1718 - Oltenia becomes part of the Hasburg Empire;
•1739- Oltenia is reconquered by the Ottomans
•1746 - Constantine Mavrocordatos abolishes the serfdom and creates a more effective central administration;
•1768-74 - Wallachia is occupied by Russia during the Fifth Russo-Turkish War;
Moldavia
•1749- Serfdom abolished.
Early Modern Times (1800-1859)
Transylvania
•1802 - Sámuel Teleki, then Chancellor of Transylvania, inaugurates the first library in Transylvania and present-day Romania. On 15 December, Janos Bolyai is born in Cluj Napoca. Today the town's main university is named after him and Victor Babeş;
•1806 - Following the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire, the Hasburg Empire is reogranised and becomes the Austrian Empire;
•1848 - The Revolution are very active in this part of Europe. The Hungarians demand more rights, including a provision on the union between Transylvania and Hungary. The Romanian-speaking Transylvanians carry their own parallel revolution led by Avram Iancu, which opposed the union with Hungary;
•1849 - The revolt led by Avram Iancu obtains some rights for the Romanian-speaking Transylvanians, in spite of strong opposition from Hungary;
•1854 - The first railway line on Romania's present-day territory opens on 20 August and between Oraviţa in Banat and Baziaş;
Wallachia
•1806-12 - Wallachia is occupied by Russia.
•1813 - Caragea's plague claims 60,000 deaths in Wallachia during 1813 and 1814;
•1817 - Mihail Kogălniceanu is born. He will play a major role in the politics of Romania in second half of the 19th century;
•1818 - Ion Caragea adopts a the first moden code of law in Wallachia;
•1821 - Following the death of Alexandros Soutzos a boyar regency is set;
•1821 - The anti-boyar and anti-Phanariote uprising takes place being led by Tudor Vladimirescu. On 28 May a treaty is signed between Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire ending the war when Bessarabia becomes part of the Russian Empire;
•1829 - Following the Treaty of Adrianople, without overturning Ottoman suzerainty, places Wallachia and Moldovia under Russian empire military rule till Turkey pays an indemnity.; Wallachia gains the rayas of Turnu, Giurgiu and Brăila, Russia annexes the Danube estuary.
• 1834 - Regulamentul Organic, an quasi-constitutional organic law is enforced in Wallachia and Moldovia. Sfatul Boieresc, the first Legislative Assembly in Wallachia is established;
•1848 - The Revolutions of 1848 waves spread in Wallachia where the Romanian-speaking Wallachians try to overrule the Russian Empire's administration, demand the abolition of boyar privilege and a land reform. The revolutionaries are successful enough to create a provisional government in June and forced Gheorghe Bibescu, the Prince of Wallachia, to abdicate and leave into exile. A series of reforms follow the protests, the abolition of Roma slavery being one of them;
•1854 - The Russian Empire protectorate ends. It is followed by an Ottoman occupation for several months and then a two-year long Austrian occupation;
•1856 - Wallachia and Moldavia are brought under the influence of the Western European powers under the provisions of the Treaty of Paris;
Moldavia
•1801 - Russia takes assumes a protective right over Romanian-speaking Christians in the Danubian lands and soon began to growth its influence in the region;
•1821 - The Phanariote rule ends. Moldavia is occupied by Alexander Ypsilantis's Filiki Eteria during the Greek War of Independence;
•1822 - Ionică Tăutu, representing a group of low-ranking boyars in Moldavia, proposed a constitutional project with republican and liberal principles;
•1826 - Local leaders in Moldavia are allowed by the Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire;
•1829 - The seventh Russo-Turkish War brings Pavel Kiselyov at the leadership of Moldavia;
•1834 - Regulamentul Organic, an quasi-constitutional organic law is enforced in Wallachia and Moldavia. Sfatul Boieresc, the first Legislative Assembly in Wallachia is established. Mihail Sturdza, a man with unionist ideas, becomes Prince of Moldavia;
•1844 - The Gypsies slavery ends;
•1847 - A custom union with Wallachia is established;
•1848 - The Revolutions of 1848 wave hits Moldavia but the success is far from the success in Wallachia, as the revolts are quickly suppressed;
•1849 - Grigore Alexandru Ghica becomes prince of Moldavia. He introduces important administrative reforms and promotes economic development and education;
•1850 - Mihai Eminescu, regarded today as the most famous and influential Romanian poet is born;
•1856 - The end of the Crimean War means the ends of Russia dominance in Moldovia;
•1859 - The National Party is founded. Its leader, Alexandru Ioan Cuza will play a major role in the formation of Romania just three years later;
Modern Times (1859-1918)
•1859 - Alexandru Ioan Cuza is elected Prince of Moldavia on January 5. Three weeks later he is also elected Prince of Wallachia, thus achieving a de facto union of the two principalities under the name of Romania;
•1860 - University of Iaşi is established, as the first institution of higher education in Romanian language with faculties of literature, philosophy, law, science and medicine and schools in music and art. The Romanian Army is founded. Romania switch from Cyrillic script to Roman script that is still in use today;
•1861 - On 5 February, the 1859 union is formally declared and a new country, Romania is born. The capital city is chosen to be Bucureşti. On 23 December, Abdülaziz, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire officially recognizes the union but only for the duration of Cuza's reign;
•1862 - The Government of Romania is formed with Alexandru Constantin Moruzi as the first ever Prime Minister.
•1863 - Alexandru Ioan Cuza promulgates the Agrarian Reform in which the majority of the land is transferred into the property of those who worked it. As there was not enough land, the Secularization of monastery estates in Romania, in which large estates owned by the Romanian Orthodox Church are transferred under state ownership and than to private property, takes place. This was an important turning point in the history of Romania, as it marked the almost disappearance of the Boyar class, leaving the country to look towards capitalism and industrialization;
•1864 - The Parliament of Romania is formed. A tuition-free, compulsory public education for primary schools is introduced in Romania for the first time. Also a Criminal Code and a Civil Code, both based on the Napoleonic Code, are introduced;
•1865 - On 1 January, Casa de Economii şi Consemnaţiuni, the first bank of Romania, is established. On 19 June Evangelis Zappas, one of the richest men in the world at that date dies aged 65. Born in the Ottoman Empire in today's Greece he lived in Romania most of his life;
•1866 - On 22 February, Alexandru Ioan Cuza is forced to sign his abdication, which was mainly caused by the Agrarian Reform from 1863 made himself many enemies. Due to the country's political issues and its financial collapse, the Partiament takes the decision to bring a foreign price to the vacant throne. On 26 March, Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen becomes Prince of Romania as Carol. Originally, the offer was made to Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders but he refused. On 1 April the Romanian Academy is established. On 1 July, the first constitution of Romania is ratified.;
•1867 - On 22 April the Leu currency is adopted;
•1869 - The Bucureşti - Giurgiu railway works are concluded after four years and the line become the first of this kind in Romania. However, it is not the first railway built on the present territory of Romania. The first railway was built in 1854 in Banat;
•1870 - The short-lived Republica Ploieşti is formed in the city of Ploieşti, as a revolt against the Prince;
•1877 - On 16 April, Romania and the Russian Empire sign a treaty under which Russian troops are allowed to pass through Romanian territory, with the condition to respect the integrity of Romania. On 21 May, the Parliament of Romania declare the independence of the country. In the fall Romania join the Russo-Turkish War on the Russian Empire side. In November, deeply defeated in the Battle of Plevna, the Ottoman Empire request an armistice.
•1878 - Romania independence is recognised by the Central Powers on 13 July. Following the Treaty of Berlin, Romania now include territories of Dobrogea, the Danube Delta, and Insula Şerpilor. In return the southern counties of Bassarabia are returned to Russian Empire;
•1880 - National Bank of Romania is established in April. The bank's first governor was Eugeniu Carada. Căile Ferate Române, Romania's state-owned railway company starts its operations;
Transylvania (1860-1918)
•1861 - The Transylvanian Association for the Literature and Culture of the Romanians is founded in Sibiu, as the first cultural association of the Romanian-speaking Transylvanians;
•1867 - Austria-Hungary is formed as a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise to replace the Austrian Empire. Transylvania becomes integrated part of Hungary;
•1881 - The National Party of Romanians in Transylvania is formed as the first party of the Romanians in Transylvania;
•1892 - The Transylvanian Memorandum is signed by the leaders of the Romanians to the Austro-Hungarian Emperor Franz Joseph, asking for equal ethnic rights with the Hungarians, and demanding an end to persecutions and Magyarization attempts. The memorandum was forwarded to the Hungarian Parliament and the results was that the Romanian leaders are sentenced to long terms in prison;
•1906 - Aurel Popovici, a Transylvanian lawyer and politician, proposes the federalization of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy into the so-called United States of Greater Austria under the model of United States of America with a total of 15 component states, Transylvania being one of them;
•1914 - Transylvania enters World War I on the Austria-Hungary side;
•1918 - In January USA President Woodrow Wilson requests autonomy for the ethnic groups of Austria-Hungary. Between 26 and 28 March a Congress of Nationalities of Austria-Hungary takes place in Rome when a motion is passed, demanding the recognition of the right of each nation to constitute into a national state, which would stay independent, or would unite with its already existing national state. On 1 December assembly of the delegates of ethnic Romanians held in Alba Iulia declare the Union of Transylvania with Romania;
Old Kingdom of Romania (1881-1918)
•1881 - On 26 March, Carol I is crowned as King. His wife Elisabeth becomes Queen. Romania becomes kingdom. On 19 August George Enescu is born.;
•1882 - The Stock Exchange opens in Bucureşti;
•1884 - The first ever telephone in Romania is installed;
•1885 - Patriarch Joachim IV signs the recognition of the autocephalous status of the Romanian Orthodox Church that granted it equal rights with those of the other orthodox churches.
•1886 - The construction of the Athenaeum begins. Although the work would continue until 1897, the first concert took place in 1886 and it was performed by Bucharest Philharmonic Orchestra;
•1894 - Leaders of the Transylvanian Romanians who sent a Memorandum to the Austrian Emperor demanding national rights for the Romanians are found guilty of treason;
•1895 - King Carol I Bridge is inaugurated on 26 September. At the time it was the longest in Europe and second longest in the World;
•1896 - The construction of Port of Constanţa begins. Since then it has been the most important port in Romania. In May cinema arrives in Romania for the first time;
•1897 - Bram Stoker publishes its most famous novel, Dracula, which is based on;
•1889 - Mihai Eminescu dies aged 39;
•1900 - The Post Palace is inaugurated. Today it houses the National Museum of Romanian History;
•1904 - The first refinery, a Romanian-American joint venture is founded and to process oil produced in the Prahova River valley;
•1906 - Traian Vuia Achieved a short hop of 20 Meters at 1 Meter height in his aircraft Vuia I.
•1907 - Violent peasant revolts crush throughout Romania, thousands of persons killed.
•1913 - At the end of the Balkan Wars, Romania acquire the southern part of the Dobrogea from Bulgaria. On 1 April, the Parliament vote the law of the military aviation, Romania being the fifth nation in the world to have an Air Force;
•1914 - On 10 October, Carol I dies and he is succeeded by his nephew, Ferdinand, who becomes the second King of Romania as Ferdinand I. His wife, Maria becomes queen;
World War I
•1916 - Despite choosing to stay away from the war, the death of King Carol I and the course of events made Romania to change its view and decide to enter the war on the Entente side, demanding the territory of Transylvania. The demands of the Romanian Government were finally accepted and following the First Treaty of Bucharest, Romania declare war to the Central Powers on 27 August and launch attacks through the Southern Carpathians and into Transylvania. Poorly trained and equipped, the Romanian Army cannot face the power of the German, Bulgarian and Ottoman armies and Bucureşti is lost in December. Iaşi becomes temporarily the capital city of Romania;
•1917 - The Battle of Mărăşeşti, between 6 August and 8 September, could have been the turning point but the retreat of the Russian Army from Romania left the Romanians no choice but to ask for peace;
•1918 - The Second Treaty of Bucharest is signed on 7 May. However, after the successful offensive of the on the Entente, on the Thessaloniki front which put Bulgaria out of the war, Romania re-entered the war on 10 November. On 28 November the Romanian representatives of Bucovina voted for union with the Kingdom of Romania, followed by the proclamation of the union of Transylvania with the Kingdom of Romania on 1 December, by the representatives of Transylvanian Romanians and of the Transylvanian Saxons gathered at Alba Iulia. Both proclamations were not, however, yet recognized by the Entente powers;
•1919 - Béla Kun, the leader of the Hungarian Soviet Republic, decides to attack Romania to regain the lost territories in Transylvania without any success. The counter-offensive led to the occupation of the Hungarian capital Budapest in August by the Romanian Army putting an end to the self-proclaimed Hungarian Soviet Republic. In meantime, the union proclamations of Bucovina, Basarabia and Transylvania are officially recognized by the Treaty of Versailles and later by the Treaty of Trianon and the Kingdom of Romania expand its borders.
Greater Romania (1918-1939)
•1920 - On 20 January, Romania become founding member of League of Nations. The CFRNA (French-Romanian Company for Air Navigation) is established, becoming the first airline in Romania;
•1921 - On 23 April, Romania and Czechoslovakia sign a peace treaty in Bucureşti. It will be followed by a similar treaty between Romania and Yugoslavia signed it Belgrade one month later. A new land reform takes place, at the idea of King Ferdinand I, who wanted to repay the soldiers and their families for sacrifices made during the war;
•1922 - King Ferdinand I and Queen Maria are crowned in Alba Iulia as King and Queen of all Romanians;
•1925 - The Romanian Orthodox Church is officially recognized;
•1927 - On 20 July, King Ferdinand I dies and Mihai I, his grandson, becomes the third King of Romania after his father Carol renounced to his rights to the throne in two years earlier. On 24 July, the Iron Guard is formed by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. The Iron Guard will play a major role in the Romanian political and social system over the next decade and a half;
•1930 - Carol II returns to Romania on 7 June and he is proclaimed King one day later, thus becoming the fourth King of Romania and the first born in Romania. The Societatea Anonimă Română de Telefoane is established and Romania start to use land line telephony at wide scale;
•1933 - On 10 December, Ion Duca, Prime Minister of Romania at the time, bans the Iron Guard. On 29 December, Ion Duca is assassinated by members of the paramilitary organization;
•1937 - A new palace is built to replace the old residence of the heads of states of Romania, which has been in use for over a century. Today the National Museum of Art of Romania is located in the palace;
•1938 - In a bid for political unity against the fascist movement known as the Iron Guard, which was gaining popularity, Carol II dismissed the government headed by Octavian Goga. The activity of the Romanian Parliament and of all political parties was suspended and the country is governed by royal decree. Miron Cristea, the first Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church become Prime Minister on 11 February;
World War II
•1939 - Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, in which the Soviet side claims Basarabia. The territory is given to the Soviet Union together with the northern part of Bucovina one year later. On 21 September Armand Călinescu, Prime Minister of Romania, is murdered by the Iron Guard.
•1940 - On 27 June, following an ultimatum issued by the Soviet Union, Romania loses Basarabia. On 30 August, under the Second Vienna Award, Romania loses the northern part of Transylvania to Hungary. Only one week later the Kadrilater is lost to Bulgaria. On 4 September, Horia Sima, leader of the Iron Guard, and Ion Antonescu, an Romanian Army General, Prime Minister of Romania at that date, form the "National Legionary State" in Romania, forcing the abdication of King Carol II. Mihai I becomes king for the second time two days later. On 8 October, Nazi troops begin crossing into Romania. On 23 November, Romania joins the Axis Powers.
•1941 - Between 21 January and 23 January, a rebellion organised by the Iron Guard takes place in Bucharest. Later known as the Bucharest pogrom, it follows the decision made by Ion Antonescu to cut off the privileges of the Iron Guard. During the rebellion, 125 Jews and 30 army soldiers die. After the order is restored, the Iron Guard is banned. On 22 June, Romania joins Operation Barbarossa, attacking the Soviet Union hoping to recover the lost territories of Basarabia and Bucovina. Later, Romania annexes Soviet lands immediately east of the Dnister.
•1943 - Romania becomes a target of Allied aerial bombardment;
•1944 - On 23 August, King Mihai leads a successful coup with support from opposition politicians and the army. Ion Antonescu is arrested. On 12 September, an Armistice Agreement is signed with the Allied Powers. Romania join the Allied Powers. In October Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, proposed an agreement with Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin on how to split up Eastern Europe in spheres of influence after the war. The Soviet Union were offered a 90% share of influence in Romania. Battle of Romania begins;
Post War Romania (1945-1947)
•1945 - On 1 March, Petru Groza becomes the first Communist Prime Minister of Romania after Nicolae Rădescu was forced to by the Soviet Union's deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs, Andrei Y. Vishinsky. Later in the year Romania takes part to Battle of Budapest as well as the Battle of Prague. Despite joining the Allies in August 1944, Romania had an important contribution in the World War II, shortening it by six months, according to Sir Winston Churchill;
•1946 - The Romanian Communist Party win the elections held on 19 November through electoral fraud;
Communist Romania (1947-1989)
•1947 - Following the abdication of Mihai I, the People's Republic of Romania is declared on 30 December against the majority of people who supported the monarchy. The new leader of Romania becomes Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party;
•1948 - A new constitution is ratified on 13 April. Two months later, on 11 June all banks and major enterprises are nationalized. During the year, also in the years to come, many pre-war politicians, businessmen, priests and even ordinary people are thrown in prisons. On 30 August, following the model of Soviet NKVD, the Romanian secret policed is formed;
•1949 - A forced collectivization, in which the agriculture is organized under the socialist model, comes into force. Romania join Comecon. The construction of Danube-Black Sea Canal starts. The canal was the most known labor camp in the history of Romania;
•1951 - During the night of 18 June the third-largest mass deportation in modern Romanian history takes place. Some 45,000 people are taken from their homes and deported to the Bărăgan plain;
•1952 - The Hungarian Autonomous Province, the one and only autonomous province in modern Romania, is created. It will be disestablished in 1968. The second Communist constitution is ratified;
•1953 - The Danube-Black Sea Canal is halted and the labor camp disestablished. Iuliu Maniu dies in Sighet prison;
•1954 - SovRoms, joint ventures between Romania and Soviet Union are formed. They will prove their inefficiency for Romania from the first day of establishment and most of them will be dissolved in 1956;
•1955 - Romania join the Warsaw Pact. On 14 February, a group of Romanian anti-Communists occupies the Romanian embassy in Berne demanding the release from prisons of many public personalities. With the help of the Swiss police, the order is re-established two days later. On 14 December, Romania join the United Nations;
•1956 - On 28 October a radio station calling itself "Romania of the future. The voice of resistance" begins broadcasting on different wavelengths. Many protests, especially amongst students, follows in November. On 31 December, Televiziunea Română start to broadcast first programmes;
•1957 - ARO is established in Câmpulung-Muscel and start to manufacture off-road vehicles. ARO IMS become the first car built in Romania after World War II. Over the next three decades ARO will be a landmark of Romania.
•1958 - The Soviet Union Army leave Romania after fourteen years of occupation;
•1959 - On 28 July, the Ioanid Gang carries out the most famous bank robbery ever to occur in a Communist state;
•1960 - Oliviu Beldeanu, the leader of the group that occupied the Romanian embassy in Berne five years earlier, is executed in Bucureşti;
•1965 - On 19 March, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej dies and Nicolae Ceauşescu is elected General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party and become the state leader. The official name of the country is changed into The Socialist Republic of Romania. The third Communist constitution is ratified;
•1966 - Intreprinderea de Autoturisme Piteşti is established. Two years later Romania start the mass production, the first mass production of a car - Dacia 1100. Nicolae Ceauşescu orders that the abortion decree signed in 1957 to be reversed and new policies to increase birth rate and fertility rate are introduced. The policy fails, as the population begins to swell, accompanied by rising poverty and increased homelessness children in the urban areas;
•1968 - Romania refuse to participate in the invasion of Czechoslovakia. Nicolae Ceauşescu openly condemns the action, thus he becomes a Western world favourite. Richard Nixon's visit to Romania was the first by an American president to a Communist country. The Patriotic Guards are formed as an additional defence force in case of an attack from the outside;
•1972 - In order to develop a "multilaterally socialist society", Nicolae Ceauşescu starts urban planning, following the ideologies of North Korea. The face of the country is completely changed in the years to come;
•1974 - Nicolae Ceauşescu becomes the first President of Romania. Romania become the first country in the Eastern Bloc ever to establish economic relations with the European Community. The Generalised System of Preferences is signed, followed by an Agreement on Industrial Products in 1980.
•1976 - The Danube-Black Sea Canal project re-starts;
•1977 - On 4 March, 21:20 local time, an earthquake occurs with a magnitude of 7.4 and epicentre in Vrancea at a depth of 94 kilometres. The earthquake killed about 1,570 people and injured more than 11,000. Total damages are estimated at more than two billion dollars. On 1 July 35,000 out of 90,000 miners in Jiu Valley decide to stop working. Their protest is the biggest of this kind in Communist Romania before the 1989 revolution. The strike only ends when Nicolae Ceauşescu intervened in person.
•1978 - Ion Mihai Pacepa, a senior officer in Securitate, defected to the United States becoming the highest ranking defector from the Eastern Bloc;
•1980 - Construction of the Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant begins. The fourth Communist constitution is ratified;
•1984 - The Danube-Black Sea Canal canal is finally completed after nearly four decades;
•1987 - In a climate of economic depression and food shortages a rebellion erupts on 15 November in the city of Braşov. Over 300 protesters are arrested for hooliganism.
•1989 - On 16 December, protests break out in Timişoara. Five days later Nicolae Ceauşescu organises a mass meeting in Bucureşti. The jeers and whistles soon erupt into a riot, as the crowd takes to the streets, placing the capital in turmoil. Nicolae Ceauşescu and his wife leave Bucureşti putting an end to four decades of Communist rule in Romania. On 25 December, after a short trial, Nicolae Ceauşescu and his wife are executed.
Present-day Romania (since 1989)
•1989 - The National Salvation Front (FSN) take the power during the Romanian Revolution. The leader is elected Ion Iliescu. The new name of the republic becomes Romania;
•1990 - On 20 May free elections are held in Romania for the first time after fifty years. FSN, which became a political party, win the elections. Ion Iliescu is elected the second President of Romania. Before and after the elections, a protest initiated by the students and professors of University of Bucharest, which was also supported by many intellectuals, demanded that former members of the Romanian Communist Party, which included Ion Iliescu, should be banned from elections. The protest was ended by the intervention of the miners from Jiu Valley, brought to Bucureşti by Iliescu himself in what is remembered as the June 1990 Mineriad;
•1991 - A new constitution is ratified;
•1992 - Elections are held and Ion Iliescu wins a second mandate. Privatization of the industry starts;
•1993 - Romania apply to become a member of the European Union. The first wireless telephony system becomes active;
•1996 - Emil Constantinescu becomes the third President of Romania;
•2000 - Ion Iliescu returns to power after winning the elections;
•2004 - Traian Băsescu becomes the fourth President of Romania. Romania join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization;
•2007 - On 1 January, Romania join the European Union. Traian Băsescu was temporarily suspended for alleged constitutional violations and replaced with Nicolae Văcăroiu.
•2008 - In February the Government overrule court decision that commission investigating Communist-era secret police is illegal. For two days, starting on 2 April, Romania host 2008 NATO summit. Legislative election are held on 30 November. Emil Boc becomes the new Prime Minister following the elections.
•2009 - Badly affected by the Late-2000s recession, the International Monetary Fund and other lenders agree to provide Romania a rescue package worth 20bn Euros. A Government crisis begins in April when the Social Democratic Party pulls out of ruling coalition, leaving Prime Minister Emil Boc at head of minority government, which subsequently loses a confidence vote in parliament. On 6 December Traian Băsescu is re-elected as president for a second mandate after marginally winning the presidential election in front of Mircea Geoană.
|-|-The Style-|-|
Roleplay example ---
Romania ran through the street, shouting at the top of her lungs. She would get rid of the Ottoman scum that overran her country. With Tudor Vladimirescu right behind her, they would surely take Wallachia back. Her confidence dwindled as she noticed the amount of people being taken down. In a quick motion, she found herself on her back. Romania found herself staring into the eyes of an Ottoman, readying herself for what would happen next. Her uprising had failed, she had failed her people.
That was 1821. It was now 1866 and Daciana was faced with a never-ending problem. Alexander Cuza had failed to form an alliance among the people and since handpicking bureaucrats, many people who once supported the Domnitor now opposed him. This stressed Romania beyond compare.
She was sitting in a chair, leaning against a rather large table. Cuza was sitting across from her. The man looked rather nervous. He had a right to be, though, plus right now she didn’t care what he felt. Romania was more concerned about the financial distress he had put her through and how she would have to deal with Cuza’s mistress. Oh yes…when people had found out about his mistress, Maria Catargiu-Obrenovic, all hell broke loose. Daciana had wanted to strangle him at first, but then that anger had subsided inside of her and she just decided to let it grow. Alexander had promised to do so much, but he had fallen short which was why they were here today.
“I am deeply sorry about all the things I have done. I did not mean to cause any harm to you. ” Cuza said running a hand through his hair. Romania merely nodded. There was nothing she could really say to that. She slid a piece of paper across the table to Alexander, her face emotionless. This was what she had to do now in order to save herself. It was her job. Daciana had blindly put her complete trust into him. “Please sign the paper.” she stated in a cold voice. She watched as he glanced over the document. Suddenly, he looked at her in disbelief. Romania sat back and crossed her arms. “You have no other choice, Cuza.” It was the truth if this man valued his life at all. Cuza sat there for a moment, staring at her before signing his abdication. It was done.
The very next day, in the wee hours of the morning, Romania had guards escort Cuza across the border. Now, she was ecstatic to meet the person who would be replacing Alexander. As she walked down a hallway, Romania entered the main room of the castle. Surprised to see a few people gathered, she bowed slightly. “Romania, this is Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. He shall be the new Domnitor.” one of the statesmen explained. “Welcome, Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. We hope you find things to your liking here. It is a pleasure to meet you.” Though, the idea of a foreigner being Domnitor worried her. “I have, thank you. I would like to discuss my plans with you if that is alright?” he questioned.
Daciana nodded, “Of course.” She led him to her work room where she offered him a chair. They sat and spoke for about an hour. As soon as Karl was declared Domnitor and became Carol I, parliament came up with the Romanian Constitution of 1866. For the first time in a long while, Romania finally felt confident with trusting someone who seemed to know what they were doing.
|-|-The Player-|-|
Username --- Romania
Age ---18
Time zone ---EDT
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sorry I went overboard with the dates ^^;
-a Domnitor is the equivalent of a king
