19th century (1800 CE – 1899 CE)

The development of the Romantic idea known as nationalism encouraged man to look at themselves not merely as subjects of kings, but as people united under one national culture. Though it succeeded in uniting people, it often led to revolutions as people sought independence from the Spanish Empire, Portuguese Empire, Chinese Empire, Holy Roman Empire and Mughal Empire. On the other hand, Imperialism pressed England, Germany and the United States to expand their borders and the carving of Asia amongst western powers. At the same time, the gears of the Industrial Revolution propelled countries into automated production as technological advances improved the quality of life in some aspects.